This week in Prof. Gupta’s class each group presented their research and opinions on their assigned topics. It was interesting to hear all of the different issues each group researched, and what their take on each issue was. It was ultimately like an overview of most of the topics we have discussed throughout our time in Milan, so it was a great way to reflect on what we have learned. My group specifically researched whether or not ESG-investing has a future.This challenged one of the most conflicting topics we talked about, which was whether companies should prioritize ESG or profit. However, research allowed me to realize a different question that was possibly more important – is ESG profitable in itself? We decided that it was, and that ESG-investing does have a future. I will be interested to see how this evolves in the future, and if our prediction is correct.

 

In our last internship seminar of the trip, we discussed interview skills and then shared presentations for all of our italy-based research questions. Prof. Gupta was very helpful when talking about the do’s and don’ts of interview skills. I also realized that I have a lot of practicing to do to prepare for upcoming interviews that I will have to do in the coming year. My main focus will be to prepare genuine and intelligent questions to all questions that could be thrown at me, as well as think up some good questions to ask at the end of every interview. The presentations for Prof. Swain’s portion of the class was also interesting – we learned a lot about the sustainability of Italy.

 

Although I am working through the end of the week for BoutiqueNB, my last day in-person was on Tuesday. Since my boss left for a trip on Wednesday, Tuesday was the last day that all of us would be together working from her apartment. I was very bittersweet because although I am so sad to leave the company and the people I worked with, I am so grateful to have had such a wonderful experience working here. For our last day, me and the other intern took my boss and her nine year old son out to lunch. We ended up spending the whole afternoon together, running to a few apartments and also getting coffee. I had such an amazing time working here and highly value the lessons I’ve learned and relationships I’ve developed in my time here.

 

I can’t believe it’s already our last week in Milan! It has been such an amazing experience – I would start it all over again if I could. Last weekend, Sophie and I met up with our friend in Venice. We spend Saturday at Lido, the nearby beach, and Friday night and Sunday morning exploring the city. One of the highlights of the trip was the gondola – we felt that we didn’t really do Venice if we didn’t overpay for a gondola ride. Our driver let us drive the boat! Overall, Venice was the best way to round out this trip. Going home will be bittersweet – although I can’t wait to see my family and friends again (and have access to ice and free water), I will miss Milan and European life a lot. I’ve learned so many lessons that have grown me as a person and a student, and I will carry these lessons with me for the rest of my life.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

This week in Professor Gupta’s class we watched the movie “A Civil Action”. This movie was about a legal case that took place in Boston many years ago. The case revolved around the illegal dumping of poisonous chemicals from industrial companies that lead to unexplained illness and death in surrounding communities. It was an important historical case that held companies accountable for irresponsible and neglectful business practices. For homework, we also watch Erin Brockovich, which has a similar plot about a town in california. Both movies have important messages about the power a corporation has, and how irresponsible actions can lead to harmful externalities to surrounding communities and customers. We discussed how important it is for companies to properly and thoroughly follow safety regulations, even if inconvenient, because short cuts can lead to disaster.

 

In our internship seminar on Tuesday, we had a resume workshop and quick lesson in presenting skills. Professor Gupta discussed what is important versus what is insignificant in a resume, and how to format everything properly. Professor Gupta also brought up a very important point that a resume is a person’s “brand”. It should be a brief and whole representation of someone’s personality and experience, both professionally and personally. Although a resume should definitely be more professionally focused, one’s experience and community involvement shows personal values and interests. I learned the importance of including an “interests” section on the resume, which I had never considered before, because it shows the human side of a person and is a nice contrast to the technicality of a resume.

 

My internship this week was pretty consistent with what I have been doing these past few weeks. However, I have had to work a little more than usual due to upcoming deadlines. We were very excited to open up a new rental listing for the company. This listing is a great opportunity and already has lots of bookings despite it only being open for about a week. This is exciting because it will hopefully bring in a lot of revenue for the company, which can allow it to expand. I’ve really enjoyed helping Lucia with projects for the new property because I know my work is important and will help the company a lot. However, it sometimes feels a little unrewarding, because me and the other intern get the same amount of credit but I do much more of the work. Luckily, this feeling dissipated a little on Wednesday, because my co-intern was sick (although I’m pretty sure he was not) and I got to work one on one with Lucia that day. We spent a lot of the day chatting and sharing stories, and I got to learn a little more about what it was like to grow up in Italy (she is from Venice!). It was very interesting to hear, and gave me an even deeper understanding and appreciation for Italian culture. She also bought me the best croissant of my life. Overall, it was a good week at BoutiqueNB and I’m already getting sad about the fact that next week is my last week here.

 

This past weekend I was lucky enough to go to London to visit my mom. My mom had spent the week prior in London on a work trip, so I met up with her on Friday. It was so nice to see her after what feels like forever. It’s strange to think it’s only been five weeks since we left home, but it feels like much longer. I think adjusting to a new city, a new country, and a new culture has slowed time down, but in the best way – I don’t want this trip to end! Anyway, London was amazing and so fun to experience. I had never been before, so we made it a mission to see everything we could. We did a city tour in a mini cooper (which really was super mini) on Friday, and went to Borough Market and afternoon tea on Saturday. It was super weird to be surrounded by people who spoke English again – it took all of my concentration to not greet people with “Ciao!”. Today is the 4th of July, which is super strange to not spend in the U.S.. The Italians have been congratulating us all day (haha). Tonight we are going to get American food and go around being as American as we can to properly celebrate.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

This week in Professor Gupta’s class, we heavily discussed the concept of stakeholder capitalism. This idea basically combines all the topics we have discussed thus far. Stakeholder capitalism is a new business idea and trend that calls for companies to do more than just prioritize profit – it requires them to maximize profit for all stakeholders in the business, including customers, employees, suppliers, shareholders, and more. We discussed if this concept of business was sensible or even feasible, and many people had great arguments for both sides. On top of in-class debates, we also watched a video of a debate between two renowned economic professors who specialize in this topic. It was very intriguing to hear both sides, and ultimately I left the class even more conflicted than before. While I instinctually lean towards principles that prioritize business profit, stakeholder capitalism has compelling ideas that bring up solid arguments. I’m interested to continue this discussion next week.

 

After a twelve day stint of virtual working, I was expected to return to in-person work this week. My boss returned from her business trip in Valencia, where she was speaking on behalf of Airbnb as a community leader. She was very excited about how successful the presentation and forum had gone, and it was really great to hear about her experience leading her professional community into a positive direction. It was fun for my work team to be back together again – not only are we more productive together, but it is much more fun to spend the day chatting and bouncing ideas off of each other in person. We ended this week by having a midday aperitivo to celebrate Lucia’s brand new car, and brand new airbnb listing! Lucia also took us on a field trip to visit one of the apartments that we manage, which was so fun to see.

 

All week I have been going through Croatia-withdraw, after I spent four days last weekend in Rijeka to visit one of my best friends from school. Although it was a long journey to get there (almost seven hours of travel in total), it was totally worth it. With my friends, I spent two nights in Rijeka, which is the largest port city in Croatia, and one night in Krk, which is well-known for being a vacation destination for Croatians. Overall, it was an amazing experience – the seafood was delicious, the scenery was beautiful, and the people were so friendly. It was also sooo much cheaper than Italy, which was a pleasant surprise. However, the hot weather definitely gave me a newfound appreciation for the unusually temperate weather that we have been experiencing in Milan this summer.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

This week in Professor Gupta’s class, we watched the second half of the documentary, “The Corporation”, and further discussed whether or not corporations have the obligation of social responsibility. This argument is really thought provoking, because both sides have very valid arguments. Should corporations be obligated to attempt to better society, since they are business giants that hold much economic power and say? And if so, who is responsible for deciding what is socially beneficial? Or do corporations benefit society the best by simply operating to do business? All of these questions have very unclear answers, and it is interesting to hear everybody’s different take. I find myself constantly changing my stance as new points keep being brought up. However, I think that the argument for corporations not having the obligation of social responsibility seems to make more logical sense.

 

In this week’s internship seminar class, we further discussed the difference in Italian and American cultures. We discussed how things may be perceived differently in different cultures, due to context behind problems, and different life experiences. Also, differences in approaches to problem solving can lead to miscommunication – this is seen not only in the workplace, but with any communication throughout the day. Language barriers only further add to this, because sometimes things do not translate directly from one language to another. These things are all important to remember when living and working in different countries, because it helps people to be more accepting of other cultures, and leads to less misunderstandings.

 

This week my internship was completely virtual because my boss was on a work trip for the entire week. It was fun to experience being fully virtual because I feel like I got to experience a different method of working in Italy, which has also become a new normal for the country. I realized that being virtual has its own challenges, such as communication struggles and being on the same page as coworkers. However, overall the week was easy and very relaxed – it was nice to get a break from the hour-long commute, especially in the hot weather. Most of the days I sat in Erbert (the cafe next to Aparto) and worked from there. This only added to the fun of working virtually, because most days I got to share my workspace with some stranger’s adorable husky.

 

Last weekend we took the train to Nice, France. It was my first time being in France and it exceeded all expectations that I had. The people were very friendly, the food was amazing, and the beaches were beautiful. The rock beaches were a surprise, and hard to get used to – it’s crazy that rock beaches are so normal here. On the first day here, we spent the day at the Castel beach club, and then went to dinner by the main beach area. The next day was spent shopping, and then dinner by the bay in a different area of town. At night we went to the bar to see a live band. Overall the trip was so much fun, and one of my favorite parts of this whole experience so far! It’s fun to see how different each area is, despite them only being a few hours apart from each other.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

In Professor Gupta’s class this week, we discussed corporations. We talked about what a corporation is, what we can expect from them, and how they should operate. On top of this, we watched the movie “The Corporation”, which further discussed this topic. This conversation was very interesting this week because it led to the consideration of the question “do corporations have ethics”? When looking at legal descriptions of corporations, and what a corporation is in the literal sense, we were led to the conclusion that corporations do not have a sense of ethical versus unethical, because a corporation is a non-human being that lives for the purpose of making profit. This has really caused me to consider whether or not corporations should have ethical responsibility, which I have always just assumed yes. However, I now wonder if corporations are serving their ethical purpose by simply focusing on profit, because they are serving the best interest of their shareholders, who are essentially the reason that the corporation exists. The documentary really challenged this stance when it showed different scenes of negative impacts from corporations, such as poverty and pollution. I still find this topic conflicting and complicated, and am interested to further discuss it next week.

 

On a different note, for our internship seminar this week we read two different articles about the Italian economy. These articles were actually much more interesting than I expected, because they explained how the Italian economy is confined by not only restrictive government regulations, but even more so by the Italian culture. I was very surprised to learn that the Italian economy is the most concerning out of all the major economies in the world, and that it has actually decreased very slightly since World War II. One of the major contributing factors to this is that Italy’s economy is over 90% made up of micro-businesses, with micro-businesses referring to any company with less than 10 employees. That is crazy! This is rooted deeply in the Italian family-focused culture that also has a deep mistrust of government and large corporations. Once learning this, I realized that this is very evident when working in Italy, and furthermore explains a lot of their customs and hospitality.

 

As for work, I continued working on the several different projects Lucia assigned to me last week. Me and my co-intern had to put in extra hours to finish a specific project Lucia requested to be completed by Tuesday, which she then reviewed with us and was very pleased with. Other than this, this past week was mostly filled with Lucia teaching us the rest of the small details of the business that she had forgotten or skipped over before. We spent a lot of time reviewing this information because me and Sebastian (the co-intern) will actually be running the majority of the company’s operations for the next week and a half while Lucia is away on a business trip. I really enjoy working for a boss that trusts me and my work so wholeheartedly and so quickly. 

 

This past week was another full and lively week of Milan life. Living in this city has been such a fun and learning experience, and I truly feel like I learn an important lesson everyday. This week especially, my days have been made up of lots of little moments that remind me to appreciate where I am. Monday, I learned where to get the best sandwich in Milan. Yesterday, when working in the coffee shop next to aparto, I had the cutest dog keep me company on the bench next to me all day. Today, I learned how to retrieve a package from the Italian post office (thanks to the kind post office worker), and the best places to travel within Italy (thanks to the energetic kid across from us on the train). Although these small moments seem generally insignificant, they are a great reminder everyday to appreciate the culture and attitudes around me, and keep learning what Milan has to offer. I can’t believe we are already halfway through this trip!

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

This was our first week of real classes with Professor Gupta. We started each class with a discussion of a student’s Wall Street Journal post from the previous week, which was chosen by Professor Gupta. On Wednesday, the class discussed the article I posted for the first week, which was about Planet Fitness’ recent controversy surrounding locker room policy. In our discussion, we debated how large companies like Planet Fitness should approach controversial topics, and whether a company should prioritize business or values when the two do not align. I thought this was a very interesting conversation and many people had very compelling points for both sides. We also watched two videos about Adam Smith and how his theories on economies and markets have shaped the world economy today. I thought these videos were very insightful into how markets should operate, and the true meaning of a “free market”. I see why Professor Gupta begins the first week of class with this topic, because I now feel like I have a better understanding of how markets operate, which will help me to have more well-rounded opinions on business topics for the rest of the upcoming classes.

 

In the internship seminar this week we read a story called “The Parable of the Sadhu”. The story described a corporate leader who got the chance to go on a once-in-a-lifetime hike through the Himalayas in Nepal. On this hike, the businessman and his companions came across a dying Sadhu who had been trying to hike back. Everyone in the group provided a little help to the man and then kept going to finish their hike. The story ends with the businessman and his companion debating the ethics of leaving the dying man, and what should have been done. This story opened up a conversation in the class about what was right and wrong, and how ethics are shaped. I think most of the class agreed that it was ethical to help the dying Sadhu. However, it was interesting to hear everybody’s different approach to the scenario, and see how differently a person classifies what is ethical versus what is not, especially in a business setting. It helped me to realize that everyone has different ethical values, and the solution to a problem is not always obvious.

 

It was my second full week of my internship, and I am really enjoying my time working with BoutiqueNB. This week was much easier to fall into a routine, and the commute does not feel as long anymore. My boss, Lucia, teaches me new information everyday, whether it is about the business as a whole, or how to approach different situations, or even little things to know about Italian culture. Lucia has been fun to work for because she has quickly entrusted me with lots of important tasks and creative control. I am very happy to have real and relevant tasks to do, because I feel like I have already learned so much about running a business and organization.

 

This weekend we fully immersed ourselves into Northern Italy culture by going on a trip to Lake Como and the Alps! We left Saturday morning and took a bus for about 2 hours to Lake Como. We walked around Varenna and got to see some beautiful botanical gardens before getting on a train to Bellano to get lunch by the water. After this, we took a boat to Bellagio, where we shopped around a bit. We then got back on the bus and drove up into the alps until the bus couldn’t go any further and we had to load into jeeps to get to Rifugio Tavecchia, where we were sleeping for the night. I don’t think anyone expected the accommodations to be so remote and woodsy, but the place ended up being so fun. The food was amazing and the people were so nice! This morning we got up and went for a hike up the mountain, which was gorgeous. Overall, the weekend was a very fun and unique experience. I think it was a very valuable experience to see how different parts of Italy live – going from Milan to Lake Como to the Alps was a big reminder of how diverse Italy is, and how not all Italians live the stereotypical Italian lifestyle.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

For Professor Gupta’s Corporate Social Responsibility class this week, we read an article titled “Goldman Sachs Top of the Mind Report on DeGlobalization.” This article discussed what the future of globalization may look like, and detailed interviews and opinions from experts on the topic. The article mainly talked about the future of globalization in light of major global events that have happened in recent years – specifically Covid and the Ukrainian-Russian war. Each expert had a different perspective on the matter, which was interesting to learn how the events can shape the future in so many various ways. This article was especially interesting to read now because we now can actively see globalization from a different perspective since we are currently living in Milan. This made me wonder about the impacts of globalization outside of how its impact on the United States, and further consider how it would impact Europe and other countries around the world. Reading this article here has also opened my eyes to how important globalization is for business, as most businesses in Milan specifically rely on worldwide relationships to maintain their high levels of success. Even the business that I intern at – which is very small – heavily depends on hosting guests from around the world, which in turn heavily depends on the country’s policies and relationships. Overall, this article was fascinating to read while in Milan as it was an important reminder to think from all points of view.

 

This week in our internship seminar we discussed the cultural analysis toolkit. For this, we discussed cultural behaviors and attitudes, and how they may differ in various countries. The cultural features included in this discussion were status, authority, involvement, collaboration, time, directness, emotion, and organization. Two ends of the spectrum were given for each feature, which were opposite of each other. For example, for “status” the ends of the spectrum were “achievement” versus “birthright”, meaning to ask if you believe it is more correct to gain status through achievement or birthright. Each person in the class took an individual assessment for these features to see what they believed was right. However, as Professor Swain started to show us how most Italians would feel towards each feature, we were surprised to learn that many of them were different. For example, she talked about how Italians value a more collectivist type of collaboration, with a “the whole group gets the same grade” type of attitude, while most people in the U.S. tend to have a more individualistic preference. This talk was important to learn because it is good to know when working in this environment so we can all properly fit in and respect the culture. It is also refreshing to see different takes on topics that are usually thought of in only one way in the U.S..

 

As for my internship, my first full work week was full of learning new information, getting adjusted to Italian work life, and hours and hours of commuting back and forth. The first few days of my internship mostly involved my boss teaching me and my fellow intern the ropes of the business. She taught us how to input data into the system, how to communicate with clients and guests, and what was important to know in order to work in the industry (such as laws and regulations). The first full working week was hard and long, but also fun and rewarding at the same time. By the end of the week the commute got much easier to navigate and my assigned tasks were much more manageable. I’m very excited to take on more responsibilities and spend more time with the company moving forward!

 

This weekend was full of travels and activities. On Saturday the whole Lehigh CSR program went on a hiking trip to the Alps. We woke up at 5am, met Marta at Cadorna, and then drove three hours into the mountains. First we stopped at a ropes course where we ziplined and got lunch, and got to see an incredible view of the mountains. Then we drove another twenty minutes to our hiking trail. The trail was beautiful and covered in snow, which got everyone super muddy. About five minutes from the mountain lake at the end of the hike, the trail was suddenly covered completely in snow, which was very slippery and it only had a little footpath through. Only about half of our group got through the snow, since poor Marta almost had a heart attack when she realized we had even walked across it at all. After all this, our half of the group got to the end to realize that the lake was actually half frozen and covered in snow. Then poor Marta had to lead us back through the snow like a herd of sheep. In all, the hike was one of the best experiences of this trip so far (probably not for Marta though). Then on Sunday (today) a group of us went to Portofino for the day. It was very nice to lay out on the beach and the town was gorgeous.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

After an entire semester, an eight hour flight, and an extremely heavy suitcase, we are finally settled into Milan. Now, being here, it is clear why this city is an excellent place to take our Corporate Social Responsibility class. The city is such a vibrant hub for a variety of companies and businesses, and also well highlights the differences between American and European culture, both in business and in general. Choosing my first Wall Street Journal entry was interesting. I felt like there were many stories that had many different underlying themes to delve into – it was almost difficult to pick one path to write about. However, although I wrote an article more about social ethics in business, I found it very interesting to read my classmates’ articles about sustainability. I think this topic sticks out even more when in Milan because the city’s emphasis on sustainability is much more prevalent and taken much more seriously than it is in the U.S.. This in particular has shown how the country considers its own social responsibility and holds itself accountable for certain values. I think it will be interesting to study how companies hold themselves accountable compared to this.

Today we had our first internship seminar with Professor Swain and Gupta. In this class we reviewed all of our individual internships, and shared our tasks and what is expected of us. We also discussed what we experienced in our first days of work, and how it differed and compared to interning in the United States. It was really interesting to hear about the significant social traditions of Italy, and how each custom holds different meanings. For example, we spent a lot of time talking about the importance of coffee. We learned that an offering of coffee is meant to be a show of hospitality and kindness, and it is actually impolite to decline the offer. It was fascinating to hear how different Italian business culture is from American business culture. I found it to be more relaxed and welcoming, which I enjoyed.

Today I also had my first day of my internship! With another intern from the (non-Lehigh) IES program I commuted an hour both ways to the home office of my host company, BoutiqueNB. This company is a rental management company that assists its clients in renting and maintaining their properties to outside guests. The company works mainly through Airbnb and Booking.com to communicate and coordinate reservations with travelers of all kinds, taking all responsibility and worry off of its clients. There are four people total currently working for the company, two of which are me and Sebastian (the other intern). Today we reviewed our tasks and expectations, a lot of which is communicating with clients and inputting client information for upcoming stays. We reviewed a lot of technical information about this type of business, which is new to Milan and faces many regulations. Overall, It was also interesting from an entrepreneurial standpoint to work with my boss and owner of the company, and to learn about the challenges she faces and her business strategies to move the company forward. I’m very excited to work with this company in the coming weeks here.

When arriving in Milan, the city was instantly busy and gorgeous. Immediately, you can feel Italian culture everywhere, in every little thing you do. There are instantly many little habits and customs you realize you do not know, but learned to pick up quickly (usually by doing the habit/custom wrong the first time). On first impressions, the coffee is fantastic, the language is pronounced very specifically, and independence and self-reliance is heavily emphasized. Overall, Milan-style city life is already a fun and unique experience. This past weekend, the whole IES program went on a day trip to Lake Maggiore, a beautiful lake that is adjacent to Lake Como and only an hour away. The entire trip was stunning, and I don’t think most people here have experienced anything like it before. After busing there, we were taken to three islands scattered in the middle of the lake. The islands had gorgeous, blooming gardens and big castles. On the first island, we were able to talk around the gardens and tour inside a beautiful house. On the second island, we had an amazing lunch outside and got to shop around at little kiosks and booths. On the third island, we took a tour of an enormous castle, and got to walk around the perfectly-kept gardens, which were unreal. Everywhere we went, we were surrounded by green mountains and beautiful water – the whole experience was very cool and unique.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

I am very much looking forward to my summer abroad experience with Professor Gupta in Milan! I am interested and excited to learn in Professor Gupta’s Corporate Social Responsibility course, where I expect to learn more about a company’s obligations beyond what is required for their own gain. In other words, what a company is responsible for in regards to the wellness and success of its community and surrounding environment. This topic is full of varying opinions and unclear answers, leading to lots of discussion and debates which help people to consider various viewpoints. I aim to learn and gain understanding in this class by being attentive in group discussion and actively working with and listening to others when in groups.

As for the internship seminar, I expect this portion of the program to be very beneficial in developing my professional skills. In this seminar, I am prepared to learn how to create a well rounded resume and develop professional habits. This is very useful information to learn at this point in my academic career, as I prepare to interview for future internships and work in serious company environments. Knowing how to utilize these skills would definitely help me to better present myself as a serious candidate for jobs, and furthermore better communicate with my peers in a corporate setting (if I were to take the corporate route). Overall, learning more about this topic will be very beneficial to me as I start to grow professionally.

I am very eager for the hands-on internship portion of this program. I have only held one internship position before and it was in a very local environment, so I am excited to branch out. From this internship, although I have not been placed yet, I expect to be exposed to new jobs and career types which will be very beneficial in opening my eyes to potential career paths I may want to pursue. Besides this, I also expect to learn about Italian/European working culture, and actively partake in their working habits and styles. I am excited and prepared to develop professional connections and absorb whatever knowledge they are willing to teach me, regarding both my work position and the company’s work style.

Lastly, the part of this program I am most excited for is to experience Milan and its culture through personal and group travel. I expect to make the most of this part of the experience, using all the time available outside of the internship and class to learn and explore Milan. I expect to step out of my comfort zone and immerse myself in the Italian lifestyle. I plan to do this by making the most of the Italian language class and group activities, as well as exploring different areas of the city and country when there is time available. In all, I expect to learn a lot of different useful skills and knowledge throughout the length of this program, from professional skills, to cultural knowledge, to considerate viewpoints on corporate social responsibility.