Question #1 is in the following link:

Malnutrition

List ten lessons from the Business and Operations model of the Aravind Eye Hospital.

The complex issue is approached with a simple operation; was expanded through setting up a network of eyecare centers and using training and outreach camps to build up staff and to begin finding patients in need of treatment.

Rather than worrying about financing the project, emphasis was placed on getting to know patients and village locals to build a relationship on trust rather than approaching paternalistically. By seeing oneself in the people they are helping, they are able to operate on empathy.

By branding eye care as an issue that “sees” no difference in demographics with a mantra/belief, the venture is universal for patients and providers alike to be involved with. 

Establishing ownership in small communities empowers people to take responsibility and come together; the locals take the initiative to address and make others aware of the problem and solution, making it easier for eye care personnel to assess, diagnose, and treat patients at one time. 

Catering to the obstacles people have such as transportation and organizing the different levels of eyecare necessary for patients increases the efficiency of the system and eases the process patients must go through to be treated; if these are uniform, eye care services can treat more patients with less room to get off schedule.

Working with available equipment and fixing the price at a relatable, affordable price point makes the service inclusive for the people who need it the most.

Lowering the cost of communication and necessary face-to-face interactions through telecommunication prevents overwhelming, and for patients and providers alike to get the information they need in a timely fashion.

By charging only those who can afford the service at market price, and providing the service for free creates competition that ineffective systems cannot compete with. A system that is more productive and affordable than others can make up for the profits other systems lose out on.

Emphasizing domestic manufacturing and sourcing of employees and materials creates sustainability, which will lower the cost of services as the business is able to scale.

As the business scales, continuing to focus on quality and addressing an issue that ranges across all demographics fosters consistency and sustainability that can be emulated by other countries and systems with similar obstacles.